Those basic things we need, fooed, air, C (sea). Google Go written in C++ just seems wrong, do not try to comprehend. Note fooed is a verb in programming, man who eats much to make that? Not me. I hear there is an AIR programming language, it is uncommon enough though, do most programmers suffocate?
To start programming I recommend to start with what you want programmed. It could be your Windows computer, Android phone, whatever. Next research how it can be programmed. Native or compiled should almost always be faster. Once you have that, decide on which programming languages you want or need for that. Once you have that, start learning programming languages. I recommend using online official resources or recently published books.
All programming languages I know of have some basic elements. Variables and data are stuff like 1 or "Hello" which may be stored temporarily or permanently. Ways to manipulate those and like procedures are almost everywhere. Modularity, you want to be able to test and use your code in parts and as a whole no matter what size but for smaller code maybe just as a whole.
Just a tip, programming like other business things is about doing more with less better somehow or separately better or doing more with less. Just learning a programming language is not enough though, you must know that framework you will use it in. Some other knowledge such as what format data should be in is needed too. Not all that runs without error makes correct output. There are more tips but this is just basic stuff.